Quantum dots are semiconductor nanoparticles or nanocrystals, usually in the range of 2-10 nanometers in size. Their small size and high surface-to-volume ratio affect their optical and electronic properties and make them different from larger particles made of the same materials.

The term graphene quantum dots (GQDs) is usually used to describe miniscule fragments, limited in size, or domains, of single-layer to tens of layers of graphene. GQDs often possess properties like low toxicity, stable photoluminescence, chemical stability, and pronounced quantum confinement. Recent advances in the development of GQDs as novel, multifunctional biomaterials are presented with a focus on their physicochemical, electronic, magnetic, and biological properties, along with a discussion of technical progress in the synthesis of GQDs.

With the application of graphene quantum dots, MFA will have a broad range of very powerful tools to offer great opportunities for the synthesis of new GQDs products.