Smart hydrogels are synthesized by ionic interaction, crystallization, protein interaction, and hydrogen bonding. Under physiological pH and standard room temperature, ion interaction methods are used to create hydrogel cross-links. This method does not require the presence of ionic groups, unlike other methods.

Since the last few decades, the development of smart hydrogels, which can respond to stimuli and adapt their responses based on external cues from their environments, has become a thriving research frontier in the biomedical engineering field. Nowadays, drug delivery systems have received great attention and smart hydrogels can be potentially used in these systems due to their high stability, physicochemical properties, and biocompatibility.

At MFA, we will consider and develop smart hydrogels products where industrial design plays a vital role. We are able to provide an operational definition of engineering design and an explication of design as a discipline.